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Works by Johannes Brahms
Op. 1, Piano Sonata No. 1 in C major (1852)
Op. 2, Piano Sonata No. 2 in F-sharp minor
(1852)
Op. 3, Six Songs (1853)
Op. 4, Scherzo in E-flat minor for piano
(1851)
Op. 5, Piano Sonata No. 3 in F minor (1853)
Op. 6, Six Songs
Op. 7, Six Songs
Op. 8, Piano Trio No. 1 in B major (1854)
Op. 9, Variations on a theme by Robert
Schumann in F-sharp minor for piano (1854)
Op. 10, Four Ballades for piano (1854)
o No. 1 in D minor
o No. 2 in D major
o No. 3 in B minor
o No. 4 in B major
Op. 11, Serenade No. 1 in D major for
orchestra (1857)
Op. 12, Ave Maria
Op. 13, Begrδbnisgesang
Op. 14, Eight Songs and Romances
Op. 15, Piano Concerto No.1 in D minor (1859)
Op. 16, Serenade No. 2 in A major for
orchestra (1859)
Op. 17, Four Songs for female voices, two
horns and harp
Op. 18, String Sextet No. 1 in B-flat major
(1860)
Op. 19, Five Poems
Op. 20, Three Duets
Op. 21, Two Sets of Variations for piano
o No. 1 Eleven variations on an original theme
in D major (1857)
o No. 2 Fourteen variations on a Hungarian
melody in D major (1854)
Op. 22, Marienlieder
Op. 23, Variations on a Theme by Robert
Schumann for piano, four hands (1861)
Op. 24, Variations and Fugue on a Theme by
Handel for piano (1861)
Op. 25, Piano Quartet No. 1 in G minor (1861)
Op. 26, Piano Quartet No. 2 in A major (1861)
Op. 27, Psalm 13
Op. 28, Four Duets
Op. 29, Two Motets
Op. 30, Geistliches Lied
Op. 31, Three Vocal Quartets
o No. 1 Wechsellied zum Tanze (1859)
o No. 2 Neckereien (1863)
o No. 3 Der Gang zum Liebchen (1863)
Op. 32, Nine Songs
Op. 33, Fifteen Romances from Tieck's "Liebesgeschichte
der schφnen Magelone"
Op. 34, Piano Quintet in F minor (1864)
Op. 35, Variations on a Theme by Paganini for
Piano (1862-1863)
Op. 36, String Sextet No. 2
Op. 37, Three Sacred Choruses
Op. 38, Cello Sonata No. 1 in E minor
Op. 39, Sixteen Waltzes for piano, four hands
(1865)
o No. 1 in B major
o No. 2 in E major
o No. 3 in G-sharp minor
o No. 4 in E minor
o No. 5 in E major
o No. 6 in C-sharp major
o No. 7 in C-sharp minor
o No. 8 in B-flat major
o No. 9 in D minor
o No. 10 in G major
o No. 11 in B minor
o No. 12 in E major
o No. 13 in C major
o No. 14 in A minor
o No. 15 in A-flat major
o No. 16 in D minor
Op. 40, Trio for Horn, Violin and Piano in
E-flat major (1865)
Op. 41, Five Songs for male voices
Op. 42, Three secular songs for choir
Op. 43, Four Songs
Op. 44, Twelve Songs and Romances
Op. 45, Ein deutsches Requiem (1868)
Op. 46, Four Songs
Op. 47, Five Songs
Op. 48, Seven Songs
Op. 49, Five Songs -- (#4, "Wiegenlied", is
also known as "Brahms' Lullaby")
Op. 50, Rinaldo
Op. 51, Two String Quartets
o String Quartet No. 1 in C minor (1873)
o String Quartet No. 2 in A minor (1873)
Op. 52, Eighteen Liebeslieder-Waltzer for
piano, four hands (1874)
Op. 53, Alto Rhapsody
Op. 54, 'Schicksalslied
Op. 55, Triumphlied
Op. 56, Variations on a Theme by Joseph Haydn
(1873)
Op. 57, Eight Songs
Op. 58, Eight Songs
Op. 59, Eight Songs
Op. 60, Piano Quartet No. 3 in C minor
Op. 61, Four Duets
Op. 62, Seven secular songs for choir
Op. 63, Nine Songs
Op. 64, Three Vocal Quartets
Op. 65, Neue Liebeslieder - 15 Waltzes
Op. 66, Five Duets
Op. 67, String Quartet No. 3 in B-flat major
(1876)
Op. 68, Symphony No. 1 in C minor (1876
premiere)
Op. 69, Nine Songs
Op. 70, Four Songs
Op. 71, Five Songs
Op. 72, Five Songs
Op. 73, Symphony No. 2 in D major (1877)
Op. 74, Two Motets
Op. 75, Four Ballads and Romances
Op. 76, Eight Pieces for piano (1878)
o No. 1 Capriccio in F-sharp minor
o No. 2 Capriccio in B minor
o No. 3 Intermezzo in A-flat major
o No. 4 Intermezzo in B-flat major
o No. 5 Capriccio in C-sharp major
o No. 6 Intermezzo in A major
o No. 7 Intermezzo in A minor
o No. 8 Capriccio in C major
Op. 77, Violin Concerto in D major (1878)
Op. 78, Violin Sonata No. 1 in G major
Op. 79, Two Rhapsodies for piano (1879)
o No. 1 Rhapsody in B minor
o No. 2 Rhapsody in G minor
Op. 80, Academic Festival Overture for
orchestra (1880)
Op. 81, Tragic Overture for orchestra (1880)
Op. 82, Nδnie
Op. 83, Piano Concerto No.2 B-flat Major(1881)
Op. 84, Romances and Songs
Op. 85, Six Songs
Op. 86, Six Songs
Op. 87, Piano Trio No. 2 in C major
Op. 88, String Quintet No. 1 in F major (1882)
Op. 89, Gesang der Parzen
Op. 90, Symphony No. 3 in F major (1883)
Op. 91, Two Songs
Op. 92, Four Vocal Quartets
Op. 93, Six Songs and Romances for choir
Op. 94, Five Songs
Op. 95, Seven Songs
Op. 96, Four Songs
Op. 97, Six Songs
Op. 98, Symphony No. 4 in E minor (1885)
Op. 99, Cello Sonata No. 2 in F major (1886)
Op. 100, Violin Sonata No. 2 in A major (1886)
Op. 101, Piano Trio No. 3 in C minor (1886)
Op. 102, Double Concerto for Violin and Cello
in A minor (1887)
Op. 103, Zigeunerlieder
Op. 104, Five songs for choir
Op. 105, Five Songs
Op. 106, Five Songs
Op. 107, Five Songs
Op. 108, Violin Sonata No. 3
Op. 109, Fest- und Gedenksprόche for choir
Op. 110, Three Motets
Op. 111, String Quintet No. 2 in G major ("Prater")
(1890)
Op. 112, Six Vocal Quartets
Op. 113, Thirteen Canons for female choir
Op. 114, Trio for Piano, Clarinet, and Cello
in A minor (1891)
Op. 115, Quintet for Clarinet and Strings in B
minor (1891)
Op. 116, Seven Fantasias for piano (1892)
o No. 1 Capriccio in D minor
o No. 2 Intermezzo in A minor
o No. 3 Capriccio in G minor
o No. 4 Intermezzo in E major
o No. 5 Intermezzo in E minor
o No. 6 Intermezzo in E major
o No. 7 Capriccio in D minor
Op. 117, Three Intermezzi for piano (1892)
o No. 1 in E-flat major
o No. 2 in B-flat minor
o No. 3 in C-sharp minor
Op. 118, Six Pieces for Piano (1893)
o No. 1 Intermezzo in A minor
o No. 2 Intermezzo in A major
o No. 3 Ballade in G minor
o No. 4 Intermezzo in F minor
o No. 5 Romance in F major
o No. 6 Intermezzo in B-flat minor
Op. 119, Four Pieces for piano (1893)
o No. 1 Intermezzo in B minor
o No. 2 Intermezzo in E minor
o No. 3 Intermezzo in C major
o No. 4 Rhapsody in E-flat major
Op. 120, Two Clarinet Sonatas
Op. 121, Vier ernste Gesδnge ("Four Serious
Songs")
Op. 122, Eleven Chorale Preludes for organ
(1896)
o No. 1 Mein Jesu, der du mich
o No. 2 Herzliebster Jesu, was hast du
verbrochen
o No. 3 O Welt, ich muss dich lassen
o No. 4 Herzlich tut mich erfreuen
o No. 5 Schmόcke dich, o Liebe Seele
o No. 6 O wie selig seid ihr doch, ihr Frommen
o No. 7 O Gott, du frommer Gott
o No. 8 Es ist ein Ros' entsprungen
o No. 9 Herzlich tut mich verlangen
o No. 10 Herzlich tut mich verlangen (second
version)
o No. 11 O Welt, ich muss dich lassen (second
version)
Works without Opus number (German: Werke
ohne Opuszahl)
WoO 1 Hungarian Dances (1869) (Brahms
considered these adaptations, not original
works, and so he did not assign an Opus #) [1]
WoO 7, Chorale Prelude and Fugue on O
Traurigkeit, o Herzeleid for organ
WoO 8, Fugue in A-flat minor for organ
WoO 9, Prelude and Fugue in A minor for organ
WoO 10, Prelude and Fugue in G minor for organ
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Johannes Brahms
was born in Hamburg. His father, Johann Jakob
Brahms, came to Hamburg from Schleswig-Holstein
seeking a career as a town musician. He was
proficient on several instruments but found
employment mostly as a horn player and double
bassist.
He married Christiane Nissen, a seamstress, who
was considerably older than he was. They lived
in the poor Gδngeviertel district of the city,
near the docks.
Johann Jakob gave his son his first musical
training. He studied piano from the age of 3.
Brahms showed early promise on the piano (his
younger brother Fritz also became a pianist) and
helped to supplement the rather meager family
income by playing the piano in restaurants and
theaters, as well as by teaching. It is a
long-told tale that Brahms was forced in his
early teens to play the piano in bars that
doubled as brothels; recently Brahms scholar
Kurt Hoffman has suggested that this legend is
false. Since Brahms himself clearly originated
the story, however, some have questioned
Hoffman's theory.
For a time, Brahms also learned the cello,
although his progress was cut short when his
teacher absconded with Brahms's instrument. His
piano teachers were first Otto Cossel and then
Eduard Marxsen, who had studied in Vienna with
Ignaz Seyfried (a pupil of Mozart) and Carl von
Bocklet (a close friend of Schubert). The young
Brahms gave a few public concerts in Hamburg,
and though he did not become well known as a
pianist he made some concert tours in the 1850s
and 60s and in later life frequently
participated in the performance of his own
works, whether as soloist, accompanist, or
participant in chamber music. Notably he gave
the premieres of both his Piano Concerto No. 1
in 1859 and his Piano Concerto No. 2 in 1881. In
his early teens he began to conduct choirs and
eventually became an efficient choral and
orchestral conductor.
He began to compose quite early in life (we know
of a piano sonata he played or improvised at the
age of 11), but his efforts did not receive much
attention until he went on a concert tour as
accompanist to the Hungarian violinist Eduard
Remιnyi in April-May 1853. On this tour he met
Joseph Joachim at Hanover, and went on to the
Court of Weimar where he met Franz Liszt, Peter
Cornelius and Raff. According to several
witnesses of Brahms's meeting with Liszt (at
which Liszt performed Brahms's own op.4 Scherzo
at sight), Remιnyi was offended by Brahms'
failure to praise Liszt's Sonata in B minor
wholeheartedly (Brahms fell asleep during a
performance of the recently-composed work), and
they parted company shortly afterwards, although
it was not clear as to whether Liszt felt
offended or otherwise.
Joachim had given Brahms a letter of
introduction to Robert Schumann, however, and
Brahms walked to Dόsseldorf, arriving on 30
September and being welcomed into the Schumann
family. Schumann, amazed by the 20-year-old's
talent, published an article 'Neue Bahnen' (New
Paths) in the journal Neue Zeitschrift fur Musik
alerting the public to the young man whom he
claimed was 'destined to give ideal expression
to the times'. This pronouncement was received
with some scepticism outside Schumann's
immediate circle, and may have increased the
naturally self-critical Brahms's need to perfect
his works and technique. While he was in
Dόsseldorf Brahms participated with Schumann and
Albert Dietrich in writing the jointly-composed
'F-A-E' Sonata for Joachim. He became very
attached to Schumann's wife, the composer and
pianist Clara, 14 years his senior, with whom he
would carry on a lifelong, emotionally
passionate, but perhaps only platonic,
relationship. Brahms never married, despite
strong feelings for several women and despite
entering into an engagement, soon broken off,
with Agathe von Siebold in Gφttingen in 1859.
After Schumann's attempted suicide and
subsequent incarceration in a mental sanatorium
near Bonn in February 1854, Brahms was the main
go-between between Clara and her husband, and
found himself virtually head of the household.
In 1890, the 57-year-old Brahms resolved to give
up composing. However, as it turned out, he was
unable to abide by his decision, and in the
years before his death he produced a number of
acknowledged masterpieces. His admiration for
Richard Muhlfeld, clarinettist with the
Meiningen orchestra, caused him to compose the
clarinet quintet Op.115 (1891), clarinet trio
Op.114 (1891) and the two clarinet sonatas Op.
120 (1894). He also wrote several cycles of
piano pieces, Opp.116-119 and the Four Serious
Songs (Vier ernste Gesδnge) Op. 121 (1896).
While completing the Op. 121 songs Brahms fell
ill of cancer (sources differ on whether this
was of the liver or pancreas). His condition
gradually worsened and he died on April 3, 1897.
Brahms is buried in the Zentralfriedhof in
Vienna. |
